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Cessna 150 3-View

Cessna 150 3-View from the May 1959 Model Aviation - Airplanes and RocketsThe venerable Cessna 150 first came on the scene in 1958. Per Wikipedia, "The Cessna 150 is a two-seat tricycle gear general aviation airplane, that was designed for flight training, touring and personal use. The Cessna 150 is the fourth most produced civilian plane ever, with 23,839 aircraft produced. The Cessna 150 was offered for sale in the 150 basic model, Commuter, Commuter II, Patroller and the aerobatic Aerobat models." The design has changed considerably since 1958, with two of the most notable changes being the vertical fin and the rear fuselage behind the cockpit. Note that a photo of the 1958 Cessna 150 is on the cover of this edition.

Airports: Biggest and Busiest

Airports: Biggest and Busiest (March 1940 Boys' Life Article) - Airplanes and RocketsLaGuardia Airport was dedicated on October 15, 1939 as the New York Municipal Airport, and opened for business on December 2 of that year. It was built on the site of the old Gala Amusement Park at a cost of $40 million. This aerial photograph shown here was taken within a couple months of when LaGuardia first opened since this "Airports: Biggest and Busiest" article appeared in the March 1940 issue of Boys' Life magazine. The recent Google map satellite view is below the page scan, and I superimposed the 1940 runways and taxiways on top of it for comparison. You can see where expansions were built into the water to accommodate longer runways...

Cox Model 789-3, 1½-Volt Starting Battery

Cox Model 789-3, 1½-Volt Starting Battery - Airplanes and RocketsLong before rechargeable nickel-cadmium (NiCad) and nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH) batteries were used for starting model airplane engines, we used standard primary type (non-rechargeable) 1.5-volt dry cells. In fact, the nominal 1.2-volt-per-cell potential of NiCad and NiMH batteries were barely high enough to sufficiently light the ignition coils in the glow heads and/or glow plugs, which were designed for 1.5 volts. Today's glow plugs work just fine on 1.2 V or 1.5 V. I have written before about how as a kid on a very small modeling budget, I would often spend a long time flipping the propeller of my Cox .049 engines while using a single, worn-out D-cell battery (usually "borrowed" from my father's only flashlight). One Christmas my parents got me a field kit that included a can of 25% nitro Cox fuel, a glow head clip...

Planes That Didn't Make It

Planes That Didn't Make It, March 1937 Flying Aces - Airplanes and RocketsDuring World War I, the United States spent $1,500,000,000 on military aviation, resulting in the development of various advanced aircraft designs. This 1937 issue of Flying Aces magazine mentions a few of them. This was 19 years after the armistice. Although these planes did not see combat due to the war ending sooner than expected, they showcased American ingenuity and engineering prowess. Notable examples include the L.W.F.G.2, which had a top speed of 130 mph and carried seven guns; the Loening monoplane, which was the fastest two-seater fighter at the time with a speed of 146 mph; and the Curtiss single-seater fighter, capable of reaching 160 mph. These aircraft laid the foundation for modern American military aviation...

Paul Harvey Views

Paul Harvey Views, December 1974 American Aircraft Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsWhile looking through some old issues of American Aircraft Modeler magazine, I was quite surprised to find that none other than radio great Paul Harvey is (or was) a builder and flyer of radio controlled airplanes. There was a feature article done by Paul Harvey in one of the issues in the 1974 timeframe. Mr. Harvey then wrote a regular column titled "Paul Harvey Views." Understandably, the column only ran for a few months - probably because of his extremely busy schedule. This one is from the December 1974 edition...

A 4G Moon Suit

Axiom Space's 4G Moon Suit - RF Cafe"In August last year Nokia and Axiom Space announced they were working to equip the latter's next-generation lunar spacesuits with 4G/LTE connectivity for the for NASA's Artemis III mission to the moon. The idea is that arming the new spacesuit, called Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit (AxEMU), with high-speed cellular-network capabilities means it can support HD video, telemetry data and voice transmission over multiple kilometers on the moon. This means the Artemis III crewmembers will then be able to capture real-time video and communications..."

Huffy 3 Timberline Men's Bicycle Restoration

Vintage Huffy 3 Timberline, 3-Speed Men's Bicycle Restoration, early 1980s - Airplanes and RocketsPreviously I posted the first part of a story about two 1980s-vintage bicycles I bought from a guy off craigslist. That was the complete teardown and restoration of Melanie's Columbia Commuter III, 3-speed women's model. This page has photos from doing the same thing to my Huffy 3 Timberline, 3-speed men's bicycle. One important aspect worth repeating is the use of Krud Kutter for removing all the oil and grease. The stuff is amazing. I soaked all the parts overnight that would fit in a bucket filled with a gallon of it. Upon removing even the grimiest and greasiest components like the gearbox, bearings, and the chain, I discovered they were squeaky clean. A toothbrush removed...

Calvin & Phineas Hamming It Up®™: The Phantom QRM

Calvin & Phineas Hamming It Up®™: The Phantom QRM - RF CafeBeing a long-time fan of John T. Frye's "Carl & Jerry" technodrama™ series, I have been intending to attempt a contemporary version which has a Ham radio theme. Its purpose, as with "Carl & Jerry," is to encourage young people to adopt electronics as a hobby and even as a career, while using Amateur Radio as an enticement. Ham radio offers practical experience in electronic theory, fabrication, and operation in an environment that encourages community service, mentorship, camaraderie, and self discipline. In the U.S., there are approximately 760,000 licensed amateur radio operators; worldwide, the estimated number is around 3,000,000. The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) and the International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) track these statistics. This title of the series is, for now anyway, "Calvin & Phineas Hamming It Up," and the first adventure is called, "The Phantom QRM." Call signs are fictitious, chosen to hopefully not step on someone's real call sign. The boys' names derive from my grandson's name...

Winning the National Radio Control Meet

Winning the National Radio Control Meet, March 1940 QST - Airplanes and RocketsYou might wonder why an article entitled "Winning the National Radio Control Meet" for model airplanes would appear in the ARRL's QST magazine. The answer is that back in 1940 when it was published, a Ham license was required to operate a radio control (R/C) transmitter. There were no license-free bands for hobbyists as there are now. In fact, it wasn't until 1976 that the FCC suspended their requirement for registration as an operator, which has returned in the form of an FAA "drone" (aka USAS) pilot directive. The author, William (Bill) E. Good (W8IFD, W2CVI), was the twin brother of Walter (Walt) A. Good (W3NPS), both of whom held doctoral degrees in and physics, and were referred to as "the fathers of radio control." The photo of Bill shows his station...

New Radio Control Gear for Model Airplanes

New Radio Control Gear for Model Airplanes, August 1940 QST - Airplanes and RocketsOften when I see photos of some of the early radio control gear for model airplanes, I have a simultaneous reaction of aghastness and marvel at the crudity and ingenuousness, respectively, of the electromechanical devices - the same kind of reaction I have to stories about early surgical procedures and equipment. In 1940, when this article appeared in the ARRL's QST magazine, successful takeoffs and landings were considered notable events not so much because of pilot ability (or inability), but because of the low reliability of available electronic and mechanical gear. Vacuum tubes with attendant heavy, high voltage power supplies, and heavy metal gears and shafts required large airframes to support...

Dope Can

Dope Can, from April 1957 American Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsAmerican Modeler magazine published stories on many forms of modeling including airplanes, cars, boats, and rockets. A lot of attention was paid to teenagers in order to encourage a pursuit of careers in engineering and science. In case you don't know, the U.S. Navy used to sponsor the AMA Nationals specifically to attract young modelers into the service. This 1957 edition reports on the activities of James M. Blackmon, Jr., who was the nation's youngest rocket builder to receive national recognition by the American Rocket Society. He built in his basement a 6' tall liquid-fueled rocket...

Sketchbook - Hints & Kinks

Sketchbook - Hints & Kinks, November 1961 American Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsThis November 1961 installment of American Modeler magazine's "Sketchbook - Hints & Kinks" column has a very interesting alternative to the traditional "stooge" that is used when a helper is not available to assist in launching a control line airplane model. The drawing is a bit confusing, but what's going on is the flyer starts and holds the model at a point just outside the dashed line circle, and the pole is set midway of the diameter of the circle. That gives the airplane half the circle to take off before it is free of the pole. Then, it is flown normally. I can see where, as the inventor states, the process could be a spooky until the flyer has gotten used to it...

Commercial Blended Wing Aircraft

Delta, JetZero Partnering to Develop Blended Wing Aircraft - Airplanes and Rockets"Delta Air Lines and JetZero are partnering to develop a commercial blended-wing-body (BWB) aircraft that would be 50 percent more fuel efficient than those in current operation, the carrier has announced. The development, which builds upon a Department of Defense's Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) investment in the BWB technology, comes as Delta continues to focus on its goal of net-zero emissions by 2050. BWB aircraft received a boost in 2023 for its BWB aircraft when the U.S. Air Force awarded it $235 million over four years for the development and production of a full-scale demonstrator. The aircraft is to take its first flight in 2027..."

For the Tenderfoot: Baby Biplane

For the Tenderfoot: Baby Biplane Article & Plans, October 1971 American Aircraft Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsWebsite visitor Tom A. wrote to ask me to post this "Baby Biplane" article from the October 1971 edition of American Aircraft Modeler magazine. It was one of the For the Tenderfoot models that the magazine published almost monthly for many years. The Baby Biplane uses a very simple structure but as with any biplane of any size, the extra work of building a second wing and adjusting it to fly properly take a little more work. Using the modern trick of printing a colored patter on the Jap tissue prior to attaching it would make Baby Biplane look really spiffy...

Skydancer Rocket Boost R/C Glider

Skydancer Rocket Boost R/C Glider Article & Plans, March 1971 American Aircraft Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsEstes does not sell the D-13 engine line anymore, but it does sell a D-12. The D-13 produced 9 pounds of thrust according to this article and the 1971 Estes catalog (p94), whereas according to the 2014 Estes catalog the D-12 produces only 7.4 pounds (p79). If you want similar performance with readily available rocket engines, you will need to get them from a company like Aerotech, which makes an F30FJ-6 model that produces 9 pounds of thrust. With that solution you're look at about $12 per launch. I believe that with modern materials like graphite for spars and/or leading edges, and the lightweight airborne systems, the flying weight could be significantly reduced, and a much lower thrust (and cost) engine could be used...

American Model Aviation Magazines: A Brief History

American Model Aviation Magazines: A Brief History - Airplanes and RocketsHere is a detailed account of American model aviation magazines, presented in chronological order of their founding, including publication date ranges, editors' names with their tenures where available, and a description of each magazine's purpose and target audience. These titles - spanning from the early 20th century to the present as of February 2025 - reflect the evolution of model aviation from rubber-powered gliders to modern RC drones. The data is drawn from historical records, enthusiast archives, and trends A conceptual timeline follows, imagining the overlapping publication spans, though an image isn't generated here - envision a horizontal chart from 1915 to 2025 tracking these magazines' lifespans...

Aeronca Model L Series

Aeronca Model L Series, May 1969 American Aircraft Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsLow-wing airplanes had not quite caught on with the flying public prior to World War II, so Aeronca had an uphill battle in gaining acceptance of its "Model-L" series of planes. It ended up being a complete success. The article has an interesting tale of salvaging partially-complete airplanes during a flood in Cincinnati in 1937 using techniques that would never be allowed in today's highly regulated and monitored world. Interestingly website visitor Glen M. sent me a photo of an Aeronca LC on floats - the "LCS" model the author of this American Aircraft Modeler magazine article suggests might have never been built. To be fair...

ChatGPT vs. Grok Comparison and Contrast

ChatGPT vs. Grok Comparison and Contrast: Kirt's Cogitations™ #369 - RF CafeAs of February, 2025, when this is being written, several major artificial intelligence engines are publicly accessible through free tiers, temporary free access, or subscription-based models with broad availability. I have been evaluating ChatGPT-4 (OpenAI) and very recently, Grok 3 (xAI). I requested from both ChatGPT and Grok, tables of comparison and contrast between the two, based on "Aspect" criteria I provided. Those results are presented below. They seem to be mostly honest assessments. Perhaps not surprisingly, Grok 3 often invoked the name of its founder (Mr. Musk) during my interactions with it on wireless communications topics. I will reveal more on that later...

Experimental Aircraft Accident Rates Down

Experimental Aircraft Accident Rates Down - Airplanes and Rockets"September 30 marked the end of the FAA's fiscal year and with it, the annual conclusion of the annual 12-month tracking of fatal accidents among experimental category aircraft. The preliminary numbers from the agency received late last week appear to present an excellent snapshot of safety over the past year. While the final totals are still being tabulated, the initial total of 37 accidents is well below the FAA's not-to-exceed figure of 46 for the period. That includes 29 fatal accidents in homebuilt aircraft. More details will be available in the coming weeks as the FAA's annual total of GA activity..."

Hi Johnson's Docile R/C .35

Powerplant Revue: Hi's Radio Mill Proves Potent Yet Docile .35, February 1962 American Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsHi Johnson was a well-known designer and manufacturer of model airplane engines in the middle of the last century. His series of throttled engines was widely used in the early years of radio control. A lot of research went into producing the engines to produce long lifetime, easy starting, and consistency of operation. The Johnson 35 R/C, which is the subject of this 1962 American Modeler magazine article, was one of the first to used dual ball bearings on the crankshaft, contributing mightily to the accomplishment of the aforementioned goals. The state of the art for all types of model flying had advanced to where pilots could expect...

Model Aviation in the 20th Century

Model Aviation in the 20th Century (ChatGPT vs. Grok 3) - Airplanes and RocketsWith all the news lately about AI (artificial intelligence) and whether the good it can do offsets the bad, I decided to ask both Grok 3 (X.ai) and ChatGPT (OpenAI) to compose short essays on a few model aviation related topics. While that will not settle the aforementioned dilemma, it will provide a peek into the "good" side of what AI can do. I have been using ChatGPT for a few months, and just recently Grok 3. Here is a side-by-side, unedited comparison of the results of submitting the exact same query to both AI beings. Note that the content for both Grok 3 and ChatGPT is fairly brief, not long-winded treatises that would fill a book. Having used both for a while, it seems when you hear about students using AI...

There's Nothing Mysterious About Ducted-Fan Models!

There's Nothing Mysterious About Ducted-Fan Models!, Model Annual 1956 Air Trails - Airplanes and RocketsAs with most things these days related to model airplane components, extensive research into materials, structure, and functionality have been thoroughly researched and engineered to the point where the modeler has little more to do that install parts into his craft. Parameters have been thoroughly analyzed using computers over a wide range of input stimuli to determine the optimal configuration. The effort dedicated by author Wayne Schindler to design and conduct an experiment to determine the optimal dimensions and shapes for a ducted fan propulsion system is nothing short of academic. His efforts produced a list of design parameters to consider when building a ducted fan-powered model airplane. The net result in Mr. Schindler's case was an amazing 325% thrust improvement...

Chance of Space Debris Entering Airspace Calculated

Chances of Space Debris Entering Busy Airspace Calculated - RF Cafe"A study from Canada has found a 26% annual chance that space debris will re-enter the atmosphere and pass through a busy flight area. The chance of space debris hitting an aircraft is very low, but the research from a team at the University of British Columbia highlights that the potential for uncontrolled space debris to disrupt flights and create additional costs for airlines and passengers is not. The research is published in Scientific Reports. In 2022, a re-entering 20-tonne..."

Inside Britain's Newest Jet: Gloster E.1/44

Inside Britain's Newest Jet: Gloster E.1/44, October 1948 Popular Science - Airplanes and RocketsThe Gloster E.1/44, presented in this 1948 issue of Popular Science magazine, was a British experimental jet fighter developed in the 1940s as a potential single-engine counterpart to the twin-engine Gloster Meteor. Designed by the Gloster Aircraft Company to meet Air Ministry Specification E.1/44, it was powered by a Rolls-Royce Nene turbojet and featured a sleek, straight-wing design with a tricycle landing gear. Initially conceived as a simpler and more economical jet fighter for the Royal Air Force, the project faced numerous delays due to shifting priorities...

DIY Airplane Detector

DIY Airplane Detector, May 1942 Popular Science - RF CafeDuring World War II, Americans, Britains, Frenchmen, and other civilians were seriously engaged in helping to defend their homeland. Those who were not in the military gathered bottles, tin cans, tires, and clothing to use in the war effort. Others volunteered at the Red Cross, veterans' hospitals, and USO offices. Some stood guard at their nation's seashores and land borders, both as armed sentries and as troop and aircraft spotters. As part of the civil defense effort, listening devices were built to help detect the sound of approaching airplanes. In patriotic tradition, magazines like Popular Science published many articles to assist the population contribute. Here is a plan for a "Homemade Plane Detector." It used a horn "antenna" that...

AMA Relocation to Muncie, Indiana 1992

Academy of Models Aeronautics (AMA) Relocation to Muncie, Indiana 1992 - Airplanes and RocketsAs a member of the Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA) since around 1971 (AMA # 92498), I have witnessed a lot of change in the organization as well as in the model industry. When I first joined as a teenager, AMA headquarters consisted of rented office space in a Washington, D.C., building, Richard Nixon was president, and the war in Viet Nam was on nightly news. AMA headquarters moved into a brand new building, which included museum space, on purchased property in Reston, Virginia, in 1983. A growing AMA membership and the desire to consolidate national competitions to a central location resulted in establishing residence in Muncie, Indiana, where the 25,000 square-foot Frank V. Ehling Complex celebrated its grand opening in 1992. Since then, an additional 25,000 square feet of space...

World's Radio Control Endurance Record

World's Radio Control Endurance Record, December 1956 American Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsI did not bother to look up what the world record endurance flight length is for an R/C glider as of this writing, but in December 1956 when this article appeared in the first edition of American Modeler magazine, a team of three modelers did 8 hours, 34 minutes and 21 seconds at Torrey Pines, California. That would be an amazing accomplishment with today's equipment, but these guys did it with a vacuum tube receiver and an escapement mechanism driven by a twisted rubber band - rudder-only! No elevator control, no flaps or speed brakes, no gyroscopic stabilization, no proportional rudder deflection. It was left, center, or right...

Cox PT-19 Trainer C/L Airplane

Cox PT-19 Trainer C/L Airplane - Airplanes and RocketsThis is the earliest known photo of me with a control line airplane - a Cox PT-19 Trainer. I'm guessing it was summer of 1969, when I would have been 12 to 13 years old (my birthday is August 18, so it could have been before or after). I remember that 1969 was the year because it was the year that Hurricane Camille tore up Biloxi, Mississippi (where I would many years later be stationed for electronics training in the USAF) and the rains even in Mayo, Maryland, where I lived, were torrential. It is the airplane with which I first learned to fly control line. There was another Cox control line plane that I had prior to the PT-19 Trainer, but I cannot recall...

Our First Moon Scout Heads for the Pad

Our First Moon Scout Heads for the Pad, February 1965 Popular Mechanics - Airplanes and RocketsSurveyor 1, the first in a series of seven, launched from Cape Canaveral on May 30, 1966 and landed on the moon at Oceanus Procellarum on June 2, 1966. As the name implies, its mission was to analyze and map the lunar surface in preparation for manned landings there at the end of the decade. As detailed in this 1965 Popular Mechanics magazine article, Surveyor 1 was equipped with many instruments and tools for photographing, measuring, and testing the moon's features and composition. Prior to its visit, nobody was certain whether the lunar surface was covered with a thick layer of dust that would envelope a craft and render a manned visit impossible. Turns out, the dust layer was quite thin. Even so, there was still some concern prior to Apollo 11's landing, because conditions might vary...

Wings for the King

Wings for the King, December 1939 Flying Aces - Airplanes and RocketsCrash Carringer was one of Arch Whitehouse's later ace pilot characters. Officially an aircraft salesman for Hale Aircraft Corporation on Long Island, New York. However, in his efforts to prove the superiority of his prized Hellion monoplane fighter with a twin tail boom configuration, he often ended up fighting and winning dogfights against evil worldwide crime organizations who were often in league with governments of notorious for desiring to rule the Earth. World War I had been over for nearly two decades and World War II was newly on the table following Hitler's and Hirohito's invasions in Europe and Asia, respectively. Accordingly, those two countries played prominently in the stories. As with most of these sorts of stories in Flying Aces magazine, they were quite long, filling eight to ten full pages...

How to Target AirplanesAndRockets.com for Your Google Ads

Google AdSense - it makes good sense - Airplanes and RocketsSome companies have expressed an interest in being able to target Airplanes and Rockets via the Google AdSense program. Yes, it is possible to do that. As you might expect, finding the exact information on the Google AdSense website is a bit difficult. This short video does a good job summarizing exactly how to implement the "Ad Targeting" option, then "Placements," and then add "Websites." Just enter   airplanesandrockets.com   . There are other settings to optimize your advertising campaign with keywords (both included and excluded), pricing, scheduling, statistical data collection and reporting, etc. If you are currently using Google AdSense, then please consider this method, and if you are not using AdSense, now would be a good time to look into it. I have had reports from some companies that experience great results using AdSense (not just on Airplanes and Rockets)...

The "Scotch Monoped" - Article & Plans

The "Scotch Monoped" - Article & Plans, December 1939 Flying Aces - Airplanes and RocketsHere is a fairly unique free flight rubber model named the "Scotch Monoped" partly due to its having a single wheel and partly due to its designer being of Scottish heritage. It is of simple stick and tissue construction, and full-sized planes were published in the December 1939 issue of Flying Aces magazine. "Scotty" Mayors says he made it inherently stable under all conditions by providing lots of side area in the fuselage and dual vertical fins. The airfoil is a rather thick flat-bottomed section. A look at the open framework reveals that minimum weight was a goal, since even the wing ribs have lightening holes cut in them. I forgot to scan the wing plan sheet...

Radio Control: How to Get an F.C.C. License

Radio Control How to Get F.C.C. License, from September 1962 American Modeler Magazine - Airplanes and RocketsIf you have only ever known a time in the R/C era when 2.4 GHz, spread spectrum radios were in use and not only were there no interference issues, but there were no licenses required, either, for legal operation, then it might be hard to imagine when this was not so. Most people in the R/C realm at least remember the 72 MHz frequency band where each system operated on a specific center frequency, where no two systems could be operated in the same vicinity. Before that there was the 27 MHz band, which is where I began, more specifically on 27.195 MHz. Only five frequencies were reserved by the FCC exclusively for radio control use. That meant never more than five planes in the air, or even being worked on with the radio on, at a time. The band was part of the original Citizens Band (CB) radio allocation. Commercial CB radios were notoriously lousy at controlling bandwidth and often overlapped the R/C bands with enough power to cause deadly (to a model) interference. My FCC operator's permits (Class C and Class D), obtained sometime around 1972, is long gone...

Fox 15x Engine

Fox 15x Engine, November 1961 American Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsFox model airplane engines had a reputation for ruggedness and contest-winning performance, but were also notoriously difficult to get started - at least without an electric starter. In 1961, when this full-page advertisement appeared in American Modeler magazine, electric starters were not in many modelers' field boxes, and particularly those owned by youngsters whose modeling budget came from meager allowances and paper routes. Born in 1958, I was 15 or 16 years old before being able to afford the luxury, and I remember relentlessly flipping the propellers on my Fox 15 and Fox 35 control line engines. Half the time when they started, they were running backwards and had to be stopped with a rag thrown into the prop, then the process started over again. Ugh. ...but I digress. Fox prided itself on their use of Meehanite iron for the piston. Per Wikipedia: "Meehanite is a trademark for an engineering process to make a range of cast irons produced under specific and carefully controlled conditions to precise internationally recognized specifications." I don't know what the difference is between the standard Fox engines and the "X" series. My Fox 15 and Fox 35, which I still have, are the standard non-X variety...

Aviation News - Here and There in the Air

Aviation News - Here and There in the Air, May 1934 Flying Aces - Airplanes and RocketsFlying Aces magazine featured a monthly "Aviation News" column that covered both model and full-size aviation happenings across the country and on foreign soil. This 1934 issue reported on the land-based "lighthouses" which were established throughout the land in order to guide airplanes from airport to airport. Not much in the way of radio direction finding was available at the time, and this method was more consistent and reliable than having farmers build bonfires in their fields for pilots to look for. "Dead reckoning" was still the order of the day back then. Compared to today where only in the most remote areas are lacking any manmade visual object to positive identification while navigating, real "seat of the pants" skill was required to fly cross-country routes without getting lost. Nowadays, GPS-linked and/or inertial navigation systems can flying an airplane from point A to point B without any assistance from a human. Also told...

Should You Go Into Engineering?

Should You Go Into Engineering?, November 1954 Air Trails - Airplanes and RocketsThe middle of the last century was a time ripe with opportunities for people with a penchant for innovation, experimentation, designing, and building high technology products. Aviation, aerospace, land and sea transportation, medicine, manufacturing, chemistry, physics, astronomy, communications, electronics, mechanics, nuclear technology, remote exploration of space and the sea, and many other realms were pushing forward the frontiers of knowledge (or pushing back the frontiers of ignorance, depending on your viewpoint) at an incredible rate. Both trade and hobby magazines often featured articles encouraging participation as technicians and engineers in a field related to hobby interests (Ham radio, model airplanes, boats, and cars, etc.). Air Trails magazine ran many such pieces, including this 1954 example...

Model Boats More Popular Than Ever

Model Boats More Popular Than Ever, Model Annual 1956 Air Trails - Airplanes and RocketsPost World War II was a big time for model building and operating. Veterans and their families helped relieve the stress and anxieties of the era with both scale and original design model boats, cars, trains, submarines, motorcycles helicopters, airplanes, tanks, even oddities like bicycles, farm equipment, carnival layouts, animals, and historic buildings (of which many of those appeared in model train layouts). The level of artistry and craftsmanship was impressive, particularly considering the sparsity of pre-made miniature accoutrements like hardware fittings, mechanisms for operating control surfaces and mechanisms, and even appropriate finishes. Radio control was in its infancy, being largely the realm of modelers with knowledge...

Sketchbook, March 1961 American Modeler

Sketchbook, March 1961 American Modeler Magazine - Airplanes and RocketsThis "Sketchbook" was scanned from the March 1961 American Modeler magazine, page 60. Most building tips are timeless. Even in this era of ready-to-fly (RTF), almost-ready-to-fly (ARF), bind-and-fly (BAF), etc., there are still many modelers who build their own aircraft. Nearly all top tier competition fliers build their own models, as do aficionados of vintage (aka old-timer) models. Some guys just would rather build than buy a pre-build airplane, whether from a kit or from plans. There is an interesting suggestion for making fine adjustments on free flight models for wash−in and wash−out while at the flying field, which could be useful when trimming for a contest.

How to Target AirplanesAndRockets.com for Your Google Ads

Google AdSense - it makes good sense - Airplanes and RocketsSome companies have expressed an interest in being able to target Airplanes and Rockets via the Google AdSense program. Yes, it is possible to do that. As you might expect, finding the exact information on the Google AdSense website is a bit difficult. This short video does a good job summarizing exactly how to implement the "Ad Targeting" option, then "Placements," and then add "Websites." Just enter   airplanesandrockets.com   . There are other settings to optimize your advertising campaign with keywords (both included and excluded), pricing, scheduling, statistical data collection and reporting, etc. If you are currently using Google AdSense, then please consider this method, and if you are not using AdSense, now would be a good time to look into it. I have had reports from some companies that experience great results using AdSense (not just on Airplanes and Rockets)...

Reader's Digest Model 800-XR Speaker Modification

Reader's Digest Model 800-XR Speaker Modification (new) - RF CafeThe original speakers on my Reader's Digest 800-XR stereo system sounded OK, but they sounded crackly at some frequencies even at normal volume level, so I decided to replace the speakers with something more modern. Not wanting to spend a lot of money on speakers and a crossover network, I opted for a set of car speakers with built-in crossovers. Since car speakers have a 4 Ω impedance and the stereo wants 8 Ω, I wired the two new speakers in series. Over time, the right channel on the Speaker A output became scratchy and sometimes would drop out completely. There was also an issue with distortion on all outputs when the volumes was turned ...

The Gravity Plane

The Gravity Plane, December 1954 Popular Electronics - Airplanes and RocketsI purchased a couple batches of vintage Popular Electronics magazines off of eBay for use on my engineering website, RF Cafe; however, upon scanning through the pages I was pleasantly surprised to find that many articles on radio controlled airplanes were included. The 1950s and 1960s were relatively early in the R/C sport, and such things were still considered a novelty. Of course, today the toy shelves of even Walmart are full of R/C products. Kids today take them for granted... as I suppose my generation took for granted Erector Sets and Lincoln Logs. Anyway, I have begun scanning and OCRing (Optical Character Recognition) some of the articles and posting them here on AirplanesAndRockets.com. This first Popular Electronics, from the December 1954 edition, was written by none other than Bill Winter...

How to Target AirplanesAndRockets.com for Your Google Ads

Google AdSense - it makes good sense - Airplanes and RocketsSome companies have expressed an interest in being able to target Airplanes and Rockets via the Google AdSense program. Yes, it is possible to do that. As you might expect, finding the exact information on the Google AdSense website is a bit difficult. This short video does a good job summarizing exactly how to implement the "Ad Targeting" option, then "Placements," and then add "Websites." Just enter   airplanesandrockets.com   . There are other settings to optimize your advertising campaign with keywords (both included and excluded), pricing, scheduling, statistical data collection and reporting, etc. If you are currently using Google AdSense, then please consider this method, and if you are not using AdSense, now would be a good time to look into it. I have had reports from some companies that experience great results using AdSense (not just on Airplanes and Rockets)...

Pink Ladies Article & Plans

Pink Ladies Article & Plans, August 1958 American Aircraft - Airplanes and RocketsControl line speed has been around for many decades. As with all other areas of specialty, the state of the art has advanced significantly since the time of Bill Wisniewski's reign as king of the C/L speed domain with his venerable Pink Ladies. Today's C/L speed models have a single long inboard wing and often have computer-designed airfoils and fuselage shapes. In the 1958 timeframe when this story appeared in American Modeler magazine, the record speed was in the 160 mph range. The video below shows a new F2A world speed record of 208 mph being set in October of 2009...

"Clo-Clo" Terror in a Tempest Article & Plans

"Clo-Clo" Terror in a Tempest Article & Plans, March 1962 American Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsHere is a short story about French flying ace Pierre Clostermann who, after his country capitulated to the German Wehrmacht, went to England to fly for the Royal Air Force (RAF). It appeared in the March 1962 issue of American Modeler magazine. His service for the French resistance was spent downing German Focke-Wulfs, Junkers, and Messerschmitts - 23 confirmed kills, 5 "probables," and 30 aircraft damaged. His fabled aircraft was a Hawker Tempest, sister craft to the beautiful Hawker Hurricane. This control line model is designed for a .60 size engine. A separate full construction article for the Hawker Tempest was also published in this issue....

Boats: Speed, Scale, Radio Control

Boats: Speed, Scale, Radio Control, January 1961 American Modeler Magazine - Airplanes and RocketsCompetitive model boating was a popular sport in the 1960's as radio control systems became more affordable and reliable. Of course if you have a glitch in your radio with a boat, the consequences are usually much less that with an airplane. This report in a 1962 edition of American Modeler magazine tells of one California model boating club that lost its "field" (a park lake) due to "excessive and unnecessary noise." Yep, it was happening way back then. On the other hand, it also reports on a club in New Jersey where the parks department constructed a pier for them to use. As usual, your fortunes depend on the preferences and sentiments of government bureaucrats. Many people these days are using brushless motor setups in their ...

Peacetime Uses for V2 Rocket, by Arthur C. Clarke

Peacetime Uses for V2 Rocket, by Arthur C. Clarke - RF CafeThis article by science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke, of 2001: A Space Odyssey fame, suggested the use of surplus German V−2 (Vergeltungswaffe 2; i.e., Retribution Weapon 2) rockets for launching scientific payloads into space rather than for launching terrorizing attacks on European cities. The October 1945 publishing date was after Germany had surrendered in the spring of that year and Allied forces were rounding up war criminals and confiscating documents and equipment. Clarke describes how an "artificial satellite" could be caused to circle the earth "perpetually" and was published in the October 1945 edition of Wireless World magazine. The pilot-less V−2, along with the V−1 "Buzz Bomb," were launched from within Germany and caused massive structural damage and human death and suffering. For war progenitor and aggressor, Germany, to call it a retribution weapon was a gross misnomer, especially considering it was the second time (WWI and WWII) in three decades that the country had attempted to bring Europe under its dominance with brutal assaults...

Miss Max Free Flight Plans

Miss Max Article & Plans, July 1961 American Modeler - Airplanes and RocketsPlans with minimum instructions for the Miss Max free flight model were published the July 1961 issue of American Modeler magazine. Bryant A. Thompson (AMA 2697 - USAF Team Member), of Wichita Fall, Texas, placed third in the Open Clipper event at the 1960 Dallas Nationals using his Miss Max cargo design. It lifted 40−½ ounces. The "300" ½A Free Flight and Clipper Cargo versions are both shown in the plans. Scaling factors for "300" (Class ½A), "450" (Class A), and "900" (Class B) model sizes are provided. A Cox Pee Wee .020 is drawn on the plans for the Cargo Clipper version. In the top view, note that the wing is shown "flattened" (without polyhedral). "Flat span" dimensions are what appear in the table.

Model Aviation Comics, January 1961 American Modeler

Model Aviation Comics, January 1961 American Modeler Magazine - Airplanes and RocketsThese couple model aviation-related comics appeared in the January 1961 American Modeler magazine. I'm not quite sure what message the first one is attempting to convey, with the guy peering through a seafarer's spyglass to see his model airplane at the end of the control lines. Maybe it is meant to imply the lines being used are really long, or that his model it really tiny. Note the telescope dome in the background. Enjoy!

Monokote Sealing Iron Handle Repair

Monokote Sealing Iron Handle Repair - Airplanes and RocketsMy original Top Flite Monokote Sealing Iron, purchased in the mid-1970s, lasted until the late 1990s, when the heating element burned out. A quarter century of use was not too bad. To replace it, I bought a Tower Hobbies iron, and the first time I used it the handle started to bend where it transitions from a hollow round shape to a flat shape. The metal was noticeably softer than the Top Flite handle, which never even hinted at bending. For two decades I have had to be very careful not to press too hard on the iron lest it bend. After many times of bending and straightening the handle, a major stress crack had formed, and it was pretty evident that the handle would not last much longer. I would either need to buy a new Monokote sealing iron, which in all likelihood would be equally cheaply built since Top Flite does not make them anymore, or come up with some kind or repair for this one...

RF Cascade Workbook - RF Cafe
RF Cascade Workbook 2018 by RF Cafe



RF Electronics Shapes, Stencils for Office, Visio by RF Cafe

Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA) - Airplanes and Rockets

Academy of Model Aeronautics

Tower Hobbies logo - Airplanes and Rockets

Tower Hobbies

Horizon Hobby logo - Airplanes and Rockets

Horizon Hobby

Sig Manufacturing - Airplanes and Rockets

Sig Mfg

Brodak Manufacturing - Airplanes and Rockets

Brodak Mfg